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Mediastinoscopy Training Model

Collaborators: Stanford Cardiothoracic Surgery

Mediastinoscopy remains an important procedure for staging lung cancer, but fewer cases are being performed as less invasive techniques like endobronchial ultrasound become more common. This creates a training challenge, as residents have fewer opportunities to learn the anatomy and technique through direct experience.

In this work, a patient-based 3D printed model of the mediastinum was developed to support procedural training. The model was created from CT imaging and designed to replicate key anatomical structures while allowing hands-on practice with a mediastinoscope. Residents who trained with the model reported greater confidence in identifying anatomy and performing the procedure compared to those trained without it.

Publication Link: Annuls of Thoracic Surgery

Figure A: 3D rendering of the printed model, showing color-coded anatomy and structural features designed to support visualization and mediastinoscopy training.

Figure B: Fellows interacting with the 3D printed model, demonstrating hands-on use for anatomical learning and mediastinoscopy training.

Figure C: 3D printed model with a mediastinoscope inserted, demonstrating how the scope is advanced and positioned during a patient procedure.

The 3DQ Lab contributed by segmenting CT data and producing 3D printed models tailored to physician needs, including color, material properties, anatomical accuracy, and structural features to support visualization and procedural training.

This work highlights how 3D printing can support procedural education when clinical case volume is limited. Providing a consistent, repeatable way to study anatomy and practice technique helps bridge gaps in training and supports safer, more confident performance in the operating room.

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