Idiopathic Scoliosis

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Image Fusion

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Tractography

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Artificial Intelligence – Stroke Analysis

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March 2019: 3D Printing Fiber Tracts in Brain

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A fiber tract is a collection of nerves in the brain that transmits information. Diffusion Tractography Imaging (DTI) is a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) method that can be used to image these fiber tracts and their relationship…

Fractional Tumor Burden

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A 57 year-old male with a history of brain tumor surgically removed in 1999 and underwent focal radiation therapy. 17 years later, the tumor resurfaced. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) exam of the brain was performed using contrast media that…

3D Print of Cervical Spine Fracture

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Neurosurgery requested a 3D print of a patient's cervical spine fracture to better visualize the orientation of the fracture and involvement of surrounding vessels. Below is a volume-rendered (3D) image of the area to be printed with the fracture…

Surgical Planning for Epilepsy

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Approximately 1/3 of epilepsy patients have seizures that cannot be controlled with medication.  In these cases, either surgery or an implanted device in the brain may be able to improve seizure control.  To plan for the procedure, it is necessary…

Facial Reconstruction

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23 years old male with gunshot wounds to the face. There are extensive comminuted and distorted mid face bony structures with destruction of the maxilla, hard palate, sinuses, nasal cavity, and bilateral zygomatic arch (cheek bones). The…

July 2017 – 3D Printed Brain & Electrodes

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3D Printed Brain & Electrodes   This print was created at the request of a Stanford Neuro clinician, and is to be used as a teaching display. The model is divided into three main parts: the skull half, the brain half, and the wedge…

April 2017 – Tractography

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Three-dimensional fiber tract reconstruction (Tractography) based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is becoming a widely-used tool to study and visualize human white matter (nerve pathways) anatomy. T1 and T2 data sets from MRI studies are…

October 2016 – Craniosynostosis

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Craniosynostosis  is a birth defect affecting one or more of the joints or sutures of a baby’s skull, causing them to close prematurely. When this happens, the baby’s brain is not able to grow in its natural shape and the head is malformed.…

April 2016

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Male, 53-years old with a single gunshot wound to left jaw received comminuted fractures along the bullet trajectory from the left cheek to right superior scalp. A large right frontotemporal intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) formed along the path…

December 2015

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The 3D Images above represent a 40 year old woman with a 10-15 year history of osteomas in the skull. The patient was sent for a CT Scan of the Head to evaluate the osteomas. An osteoma is an outgrowth of the bone which is benign. These tumors…

November 2015

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This is a 55 year old female with right sided moyamoya disease, which is caused by blocked arteries at the base of the brain. Moyamoya means “puff of smoke” in Japanese, and describes the appearance of the tangle of tiny vessels which form…

May 2015

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Nine year old male with a clinical history of microtia (congenital deformity where the external ear is underdeveloped) and atresia of the external auditory canal (developmental absence of the external auditory canal) was assessed for potential…

March 2015

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Male, 46 Years of age with a history of a stable mass on the right lateral ventricle, and a stable mild midline shift (dashed lines). The patient had a Functional MRI (fMRI) of the brain to check for areas of motor, language, audio,…

November 2014

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57-Yearold female with history of ruptured aneurysm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, status post aneurysm clipping and shunt placement. The top left image shows the opening in the skull from the initial surgery and the top right image shows the implanted…

September 2014

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Eight year old male with a history of epilepsy. Findings of decreased blood flow within the right temporal lobe of the brain raised concerns for possible epileptogenic focus. Images (1), (2) and (3) above are show EEG electrode grid placement…

July 2014

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43 year old female, with Loeys Dietz Syndrome- (connective tissue disorder that predisposes to development of aortic aneurysms and other connective tissue defects) presented with headache to rule out aneurysms. CT Angiogram of head and neck…