One-day old female with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs), a rare type of congenital heart defect.  Normally, the pulmonary arteries pump blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.  In the case of MAPCAs, collateral arteries, which pump blood to the lungs, branch directly off of the aorta.  These collaterals form in an attempt […]